Organic Way To Control Insect Attack And Save Agriculture Production From Economical Loss

 Organic Way To Control Insect Attack And Save Agriculture Production From Economical Loss: Due to their rapid pest killing activity and cheap accessibility, substantial research on synthetic chemicals and industrialization trends of synthetic chemicals/pesticides in the agriculture sector were widespread during the nineteenth century. However, it has harmed the environment, ecosystems, and biodiversity, as well as affecting human health. There are around 200 diseases linked to synthetic pesticide residues. As a result, reducing pesticide use, particularly on edible crops, is critical. Plant-based extracts are an alternative approach to pest control (botanicals). Natural chemicals such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and other compounds found in these botanicals can be employed as repellents, anti-feeders, toxicants, and pest growth retardants.

Bitter apple spray has been shown to inhibit numerous pests, including whiteflies, Jassid, Thrips, Aphid, and in certain circumstances, Pink bollworms, in recent research undertaken by the Agricultural Department in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Bitter Apple: It's a weedy herb that grows as a weed in diverse crops across Asia, Arabia, Africa, and the Mediterranean. For millennia, it has been used as a herbal treatment to cure ulcers, tumours, tuberculosis, constipation, joint discomfort, and anaemia. According to several research, bitter apple has an important function in crop pest management. 

Organic Farming By Bitter Apple:

Bitter Apple Spray can help you control whiteflies, aphids, and other crop pests while also lowering your input costs, making organic farming more profitable. Bitter apple seeds contain 17 % oil and have a chemical composition similar to flaxseed. The leaves, roots, stems, fruit, and seed of the bitter apple contain a variety of secondary metabolites. The fruit, on the other hand, has a high concentration of metabolites. Tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and cucurbitacins are among them. Bitter apple also contains elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and certain organic acids, which help to encourage plant growth. This information explains why bitter apple spray is effective against some of the most damaging crop pests.

Evidence in Support of the Use of Bitter Apple Spray to Control Pests:

The secondary metabolites of bitter apple spray disrupt the life of numerous pests in such a way that we find it useful to maintain the Economic Threshold Level (ETL) without using pesticides. 

Here are some evidence in support of bitter apple to control pest 

Cotton Aphid 

The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) is a polyphagous aphid that feeds on over 700 different plant types. The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) is found all across the world, but it prefers warmer climates.

For the control of cotton aphid, Soliman et al. (2005) reported the high toxicity of bitter apple extracts in various solvents.

Bean Aphid

The black bean aphid (Aphis fabae) is a little black bug belonging to the Hemiptera group with a broad, soft body.

  Bitter apple fruit extract caused considerable bean aphid (Aphis craccivora) lethality (Turkey et al., 2009)

Cotton Leafworm: 

The cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) is a polyphagous insect that feeds on plants from 40 different families, including 87 economically important species.

  Ravi et al.(2011) bitter apple fruit extract offers insecticidal properties against cotton leafworm larvae (Spodoptera littoralis)

Grain Mites:

Grain mites are pests that feed on a range of grains, wheat germ, yeast, cheese, powdered milk, flour, and mold spores.

From the 7th to the 28th day after application, bitter apple extract had a 20% to 80% control on store grain mites (Bashir et al., 2013)

Oat Aphid:

The oat aphid is a common insect that prefers wheat and oats. The body of this aphid is olive green, with a rust-red patch near the end of the abdomen. 

According to Asiry (2015), foliar application of bitter apple leaf extracts causes considerable oat aphid mortality.

Concluding Remarks:

Synthetic chemicals have a variety of negative consequences for our environment and health. Alternatives must be found to protect crops from insect pests while also saving the environment. Plant-based extracts are one of the possibilities. Bitter apple spray contains various compounds that have been shown to be effective against a variety of sucking and storage grain pests. As a result, its extract can be utilized as a pesticide alternative. Bitter apple spray not only suppresses deadly agricultural insects, but also helps our good predators flourish and overwhelm the dangerous ones.